What Is a Solar Installer?

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Aresidential solar system is complicated technology. While it is possible to install solar panels yourself, having a trained  solar installer do the job will give you confidence and peace of mind that your system will work correctly and last a long time. When you install panels yourself, there is a greater risk that something might be done incorrectly and cost you more money. 

As solar power has become more accessible and affordable over the past decade, the demand for professional solar installers has gone through the roof. Professional installers have the skills to work on residential and commercial solar systems, and with advanced solar technologies and the electrical grid. Many solar equipment manufacturers may deny a warranty request to replace or repair a part if a licensed professional does not install it. That could be a costly mistake for the solar owner. An experienced solar installer is also crucial to a well operating system.

What does a solar installer do?

Solar installers have numerous responsibilities. Here’s a breakdown of their main duties:

• Survey and prepare the location for a solar system installation.
• Design the solar system.
• Assemble the entire solar panel system, including photovoltaic (PV) panels, inverter, racking and mounting equipment, battery, and any performance monitoring devices.
• Ensure the system’s installation meets building codes and fire safety standards. 
• Connect solar panels to the power grid, activate solar systems, and conduct quality performance tests.
• Examine the system and electrical wiring and inspect and test the system for quality installation and performance.
• Provide post-installation solar panel maintenance services.
• Conduct remote system monitoring.

Most states require solar systems to be connected to the power grid. PV installers have the necessary electrical knowledge to set up wiring, connect panels to the electrical system, and inspect all electrical parts before and after installation. While installers complete solar panel installations outdoors, they may also need to work in crawl spaces and attics to connect the electrical to the power grid. Solar installers typically work for a solar company, which often provide post-installation services to their customers.

Many entry-level installers start their careers with basic tasks, such as installing mounting racks and attaching panels. These duties require heavy lifting, agility, and precision. Typically, more experienced installers connect various electrical parts after the panels are attached to a rooftop or a ground-mounted surface. Attention to detail, knowledge of basic math, ability to use diagrams and instructions, physical stamina, working at an elevated height, and good communication skills are essential attributes of a professional solar panel installer.

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What kind of qualifications must solar installers have?

Requirements and qualifications for professional solar installers vary from state to state. The Interstate Renewable Energy Council, Inc., supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, provides a Solar Licensing Database for anyone seeking information on solar licensing requirements in individual states.

At a minimum, solar panel installers need a high school diploma to start their career in the solar business. They also must complete a solar program at a vocational school or community college and learn the technical aspects of solar. Completed courses from solar programs could count toward a solar certification.

While certification is not mandatory to become a solar technician at a federal or state level, some solar companies may require it. Solar professional certifications are available through the North American Board of Certified Energy Practitioners (NABCEP). Most solar installers undergo on-the-job training for up to a year under the supervision of experienced installers, which can sometimes substitute for the educational requirement. 

While professional requirements vary from state to state, all solar installers must have a good grasp of the following:

• PV panels 
• How solar technology functions
• How to safely install solar panels consistent with building and electrical codes
• How to safeguard the solar system during and after installation
• How to connect solar panels to the power grid
• How to help customers make the most of their panels
• How to assist customers with technical and other questions 

Solar installation companies provide additional customer support

Solar installation companies include clerical staff who provide additional support to customers. They can assist customers with federal tax credit and state incentive applications. They also help fill out the paperwork necessary to get building and utility permits, which are important steps to complete before installing solar panels.

You may need to attend a hearing at your local government before it issues a permit for solar installation. Your installer can attend it on your behalf and answer questions on the design of your solar system. A solar installer can collect your permit once it’s ready and help arrange post-installation inspections with the local building department. 

Depending on the state, installers can also educate customers about solar renewable energy credits (SREC) and how they work. They can facilitate customer registration for an SREC program through a third-party broker, such as Sol Systems. SREC is a tradable and non-tangible energy certificate that solar owners can keep or sell to their utility through a broker.